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Paper on Covid 19 transmission
I was sent this during a discussion on Mastodon about masks and how effective masks are, when worn by people who may not put on properly, compared to a doctor who has a team of people to ensure this happens. Interesting discussion and nice be sent a link to an actual paper to provide some help with the discussion.
Feel free to join / continue the discussion, however you will need to join mastodon and follow me @zleap@qoto.org to do so.
Links
Tags
#Science,#Journal,#PNAS,#Article,#Research,#Covid19,#Transmission,#Mastodon.
Bibliography Information (just for reference)
@article {Bagherie2110117118,
author = {Bagheri, Gholamhossein and Thiede, Birte and Hejazi, Bardia and Schlenczek, Oliver and Bodenschatz, Eberhard},
title = {An upper bound on one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory particles},
volume = {118},
number = {49},
elocation-id = {e2110117118},
year = {2021},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.2110117118},
publisher = {National Academy of Sciences},
abstract = {Wearing face masks and maintaining social distance are familiar to many people around the world during the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Evidence suggests that these are effective ways to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, it is not clear how exactly the risk of infection is affected by wearing a mask during close personal encounters or by social distancing without a mask. Our results show that face masks significantly reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to social distancing. We find a very low risk of infection when everyone wears a face mask, even if it doesn{\textquoteright}t fit perfectly on the face.There is ample evidence that masking and social distancing are effective in reducing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. However, due to the complexity of airborne disease transmission, it is difficult to quantify their effectiveness, especially in the case of one-to-one exposure. Here, we introduce the concept of an upper bound for one-to-one exposure to infectious human respiratory particles and apply it to SARS-CoV-2. To calculate exposure and infection risk, we use a comprehensive database on respiratory particle size distribution; exhalation flow physics; leakage from face masks of various types and fits measured on human subjects; consideration of ambient particle shrinkage due to evaporation; and rehydration, inhalability, and deposition in the susceptible airways. We find, for a typical SARS-CoV-2 viral load and infectious dose, that social distancing alone, even at 3.0 m between two speaking individuals, leads to an upper bound of 90\% for risk of infection after a few minutes. If only the susceptible wears a face mask with infectious speaking at a distance of 1.5 m, the upper bound drops very significantly; that is, with a surgical mask, the upper bound reaches 90\% after 30 min, and, with an FFP2 mask, it remains at about 20\% even after 1 h. When both wear a surgical mask, while the infectious is speaking, the very conservative upper bound remains below 30\% after 1 h, but, when both wear a well-fitting FFP2 mask, it is 0.4\%. We conclude that wearing appropriate masks in the community provides excellent protection for others and oneself, and makes social distancing less important.Previously published data were used for this work (https://aerosol.ds.mpg.de/). All other study data are included in the article and/or SI Appendix.},
issn = {0027-8424},
URL = {https://www.pnas.org/content/118/49/e2110117118},
eprint = {https://www.pnas.org/content/118/49/e2110117118.full.pdf},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}
Torbay Covid update 17/8/2021
From Monday 16th August self-isolation rules for contacts are changing share icon
What is changing?
Fully vaccinated means:
Other groups who are exempt from isolation if they are a contact:
In summary:
Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccination
Get your COVID-19 vaccination, read about the vaccines and find out what happens when you have your vaccine.
Big push to get everyone vaccinated
Covid Update 16/6/2021
Remain vigilant and comply with restrictions. Meet outdoors, let fresh air in, get tested when needed and get vaccinated when offered.
You should follow this guidance immediately. The law will be updated to reflect these new rules.
Cases Last week : 21 Total : 4316 Deaths Last week : 0 Total : 153
Last week is from 6 June 2021 to 12 June 2021
REFERENCES
TAGS
#Covid19,#Health,#Torbay,#Update,
hands, face, space’ and ‘letting fresh air in
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
Covid update 29/4/2021
Between 8th December and 18th April; 671,070 people have been vaccinated in Devon. The local programme has also delivered over 210,000 second doses. 1 in 5 adults in Devon are fully vaccinated now.
We are now entering phase 2 – covering people aged 18-49. People will be contacted by the National Booking Service when their age group appointment opens up – by text and letter and offered a local appointment. Some GP practices will also contact patients to offer appointments.
Misinformation is still around about vaccines and so we have included links to some films to support your understanding and to share. It’s worth reminding ourselves that vaccines aren’t the whole answer, they are just a really big and important part of it. Our behavior, such as washing hands, using face coverings and keeping some space are still essential.
Not everyone can take a vaccine, which is why even if you think you are not at ‘high risk’, having a vaccine protects other people in our community who might be relying on you to keep them safe. We don’t always know when someone has a medical condition which means they can’t take vaccines, you can’t tell by looking. Let’s keep everyone safe and well.
Vaccines are the most effective public health intervention after clean water.
What is on your mind about vaccines? Can we answer your questions or concerns? Come to a forum or drop us a line on the email.
REFERENCES
TAGS
#Covid19,#Torbay,#Update,#CovidChampions
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
Torbay Covid 19 update 5th March 2021
An update from Torbay’s director of public health, Dr Lincoln Sargeant Lincoln Sargeant
Our cases are falling steadily in the Bay which is great news and we need to keep them coming down, but the virus is still spreading between families living in different households.
Next week is the start of an exciting journey for many of us with the first step of the government’s ‘roadmap out of lockdown’.
From 8 March;
Please remember that despite the easing of some restrictions;
* We are still in lockdown * We need everyone to keep to their own households/bubble when indoors * Keep making space * Keep your contacts to a minimum
In his video this week, our director of public health, Dr Lincoln Sargeant reflects on the year since our first case of COVID-19 in the Bay, the difficulty for all those grieving the 148 lives lost to COVID-19 in Torbay, and he looks to the future as we ease out of lockdown. Watch the video.
Thank you,
Dr Lincoln Sargeant
Keeping people safe and well Vaccine latest
Anyone who has received a letter from the National Booking System inviting them to book an appointment should use the website or 119 to book an appointment. The NHS is urging people who have received a letter not to contact their GP practice about a vaccination.
The programme of second doses in care homes is being rolled out during March.
Torbay Covid testing
There are two testing centres in Torbay for people with COVID-19 symptoms:
Torbay Leisure Centre Car Park, Clennon Valley, Paignton Lymington Road Coach Station, Torquay (mobile testing unit)
REFERENCES
TAGS
Lockdown Rules : What can still happen
What can still happen during this lockdown?
During lockdown, it is necessary to reduce the number of social contacts we have. We can still leave our homes for communal worship and life events.
Weddings, civil partnership ceremonies and funerals can take place. There are, however, limits on the number of people who can attend and venues must be COVID-19 secure.
Funerals can be attended by a maximum of 30 people. This limit does not include the people working at the event. The important piece of information to share in your networks is that social distancing must be maintained between anyone who is not in a household or support bubble. Unfortunately, any gatherings after a service are not permitted as these events must be held in COVID-19 secure premises.
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