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  <channel>
    <title>Supermassive &amp;mdash; Paul Sutton</title>
    <link>https://personaljournal.ca/paulsutton/tag:Supermassive</link>
    <description>Personal Blog</description>
    <pubDate>Tue, 05 May 2026 16:35:00 +0000</pubDate>
    <item>
      <title>A Giant Black Hole Destroyed a Star and Threw the Pieces into Space</title>
      <link>https://personaljournal.ca/paulsutton/a-giant-black-hole-destroyed-a-star-and-threw-the-pieces-into-space</link>
      <description>&lt;![CDATA[A Giant Black Hole Destroyed a Star and Threw the Pieces into Space&#xA;&#xA;I am sharing this &#39;as-is&#39; the original fediverse post text is quoted below along with a link to the article. &#xA;&#xA;A pair of X-ray telescopes have observed the messy aftermath of a star that came too close to a supermassive black hole 290 million light-years away. It&#39;s believed that the star had three times the mass of the Sun, so this was one of the largest tidal disruption events ever seen. Although the black hole consumed some of the star, most of its guts were thrown into the surrounding space, polluting the region with the chemicals that allowed astronomers to estimate its stellar mass.&#xA;&#xA;Article&#xA;&#xA;Tags&#xA;&#xA;#Science,#Astronomy,#Xray,#SuperMassive,#Blackhole&#xA;&#xA;hr&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;table&#xD;&#xA;thead&#xD;&#xA;trtda rel=&#34;me&#34; href=&#34;https://qoto.org/@zleap&#34;Mastodon/a/td&#xD;&#xA;tda href=&#34;https://wiki.ircnow.org/?n=Shelllabs.Intro&#34;ShellLabs/td&#xD;&#xA;tda href=&#34;https://joinmastodon.org/&#34;Join Mastodon/a/td/tr/thead/table&#xD;&#xA;center&#xD;&#xA;AI statement : b Consent is NOT granted to use the content of this blog for the purposes of AI training or similar activity.  Consent CANNOT be assumed, it has to be granted. /b&#xD;&#xA;/center&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;a href=&#34;https://liberapay.com/PaulSutton/donate&#34;img alt=&#34;Donate using Liberapay&#34; src=&#34;https://liberapay.com/assets/widgets/donate.svg&#34;/a&#xD;&#xA;]]&gt;</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A Giant Black Hole Destroyed a Star and Threw the Pieces into Space</p>

<p>I am sharing this &#39;as-is&#39; the original fediverse post text is quoted below along with a link to the article.</p>

<pre><code>A pair of X-ray telescopes have observed the messy aftermath of a star that came too close to a supermassive black hole 290 million light-years away. It&#39;s believed that the star had three times the mass of the Sun, so this was one of the largest tidal disruption events ever seen. Although the black hole consumed some of the star, most of its guts were thrown into the surrounding space, polluting the region with the chemicals that allowed astronomers to estimate its stellar mass.
</code></pre>
<ul><li><a href="https://chandra.si.edu/photo/2023/tde/" rel="nofollow">Article</a></li></ul>

<p><strong>Tags</strong></p>

<p><a href="/paulsutton/tag:Science" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Science</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Astronomy" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Astronomy</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Xray" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Xray</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:SuperMassive" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">SuperMassive</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Blackhole" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Blackhole</span></a></p>

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      <guid>https://personaljournal.ca/paulsutton/a-giant-black-hole-destroyed-a-star-and-threw-the-pieces-into-space</guid>
      <pubDate>Sat, 02 Sep 2023 06:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Neutron Stars</title>
      <link>https://personaljournal.ca/paulsutton/neutron-stars</link>
      <description>&lt;![CDATA[Neutron Stars&#xA;&#xA;On the 16th January there were two interesting posts from Omnium Gatherum  to the fediverse regarding Neutron stars.&#xA;&#xA;Fedi id: @omniumgatherum@hrmtc.io &#xA;&#xA;Neutron Star Merger Simulation with Gamma-ray Observations&#xA;&#xA;iframe src=&#34;https://hrmtc.io/@omniumgatherum/109699817386697780/embed&#34; class=&#34;mastodon-embed&#34; style=&#34;max-width: 100%; border: 0&#34; width=&#34;600&#34; height=&#34;600&#34; allowfullscreen=&#34;allowfullscreen&#34;/iframe&#xA;&#xA;NASA’s Retired Compton Mission Reveals Superheavy Neutron Stars&#xA;&#xA;iframe src=&#34;https://hrmtc.io/@omniumgatherum/109699815641346778/embed&#34; class=&#34;mastodon-embed&#34; style=&#34;max-width: 100%; border: 0&#34; width=&#34;600&#34; height=&#34;600&#34; allowfullscreen=&#34;allowfullscreen&#34;/iframe&#xA;&#xA;Other Links&#xA;NASA&#xA;  NASA Article&#xA;Science Forums&#xA;&#xA;Tags&#xA;&#xA;#NASA,#Space,#Astronomy.#Stars,#Neutron,#NeutronStars,#Merger,&#xA;Supermassive&#xA;&#xA;hr&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;table&#xD;&#xA;thead&#xD;&#xA;trtda rel=&#34;me&#34; href=&#34;https://qoto.org/@zleap&#34;Mastodon/a/td&#xD;&#xA;tda href=&#34;https://wiki.ircnow.org/?n=Shelllabs.Intro&#34;ShellLabs/td&#xD;&#xA;tda href=&#34;https://joinmastodon.org/&#34;Join Mastodon/a/td/tr/thead/table&#xD;&#xA;center&#xD;&#xA;AI statement : b Consent is NOT granted to use the content of this blog for the purposes of AI training or similar activity.  Consent CANNOT be assumed, it has to be granted. /b&#xD;&#xA;/center&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;a href=&#34;https://liberapay.com/PaulSutton/donate&#34;img alt=&#34;Donate using Liberapay&#34; src=&#34;https://liberapay.com/assets/widgets/donate.svg&#34;/a&#xD;&#xA;]]&gt;</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Neutron Stars</p>

<p>On the 16th January there were two interesting posts from <a href="https://hrmtc.io/@omniumgatherum" rel="nofollow">Omnium Gatherum</a>  to the fediverse regarding Neutron stars.</p>

<p>Fedi id: <a href="https://personaljournal.ca/@/omniumgatherum@hrmtc.io" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow">@<span>omniumgatherum@hrmtc.io</span></a></p>

<p><strong>Neutron Star Merger Simulation with Gamma-ray Observations</strong></p>

<iframe src="https://hrmtc.io/@omniumgatherum/109699817386697780/embed" class="mastodon-embed" style="max-width: 100%; border: 0" width="600" height="600" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>

<p><strong>NASA’s Retired Compton Mission Reveals Superheavy Neutron Stars</strong></p>

<iframe src="https://hrmtc.io/@omniumgatherum/109699815641346778/embed" class="mastodon-embed" style="max-width: 100%; border: 0" width="600" height="600" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe>

<p><strong>Other Links</strong>
* <a href="https://www.nasa.gov" rel="nofollow">NASA</a>
  * <a href="https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2023/nasa-s-retired-compton-mission-reveals-superheavy-neutron-stars/" rel="nofollow">NASA Article</a>
* <a href="https://www.scienceforums.net" rel="nofollow">Science Forums</a></p>

<p><strong>Tags</strong></p>

<p><a href="/paulsutton/tag:NASA" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">NASA</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Space" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Space</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Astronomy" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Astronomy</span></a>.<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Stars" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Stars</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Neutron" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Neutron</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:NeutronStars" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">NeutronStars</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Merger" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Merger</span></a>,
<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Supermassive" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Supermassive</span></a></p>

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]]></content:encoded>
      <guid>https://personaljournal.ca/paulsutton/neutron-stars</guid>
      <pubDate>Sat, 21 Jan 2023 18:11:43 +0000</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A Huge Number of Rogue Supermassive Black Holes Are Wandering The Universe</title>
      <link>https://personaljournal.ca/paulsutton/a-huge-number-of-rogue-supermassive-black-holes-are-wandering-the-universe</link>
      <description>&lt;![CDATA[A Huge Number of Rogue Supermassive Black Holes Are Wandering The Universe &#xA;&#xA;Citation&#xA;&#xA;Angelo Ricarte, Michael Tremmel, Priyamvada Natarajan, Charlotte Zimmer, Thomas Quinn, Origins and demographics of wandering black holes, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 503, Issue 4, June 2021, Pages 6098–6111, https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab866&#xA;&#xA;From what I have managed to read on this, very interesting,  there is so much out there yet to discover.  Would be great to get access to the above paper,  I will ask on the Open University forums if I have access given I am Alumni.  &#xA;&#xA;It does highlight the need for open access to science journals.   A few posts on this coming up. &#xA;&#xA;Links&#xA;&#xA;Article&#xA;ScienceAlert&#xA;  Paper&#xA;&#xA;Tags&#xA;&#xA;#Rogue,#Wanderer,#Supermassive,#Blackholes,#Astronomy,&#xA;Physics&#xA;&#xA;hr&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;table&#xD;&#xA;thead&#xD;&#xA;trtda rel=&#34;me&#34; href=&#34;https://qoto.org/@zleap&#34;Mastodon/a/td&#xD;&#xA;tda href=&#34;https://wiki.ircnow.org/?n=Shelllabs.Intro&#34;ShellLabs/td&#xD;&#xA;tda href=&#34;https://joinmastodon.org/&#34;Join Mastodon/a/td/tr/thead/table&#xD;&#xA;center&#xD;&#xA;AI statement : b Consent is NOT granted to use the content of this blog for the purposes of AI training or similar activity.  Consent CANNOT be assumed, it has to be granted. /b&#xD;&#xA;/center&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;a href=&#34;https://liberapay.com/PaulSutton/donate&#34;img alt=&#34;Donate using Liberapay&#34; src=&#34;https://liberapay.com/assets/widgets/donate.svg&#34;/a&#xD;&#xA;]]&gt;</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A Huge Number of Rogue Supermassive Black Holes Are Wandering The Universe</p>

<p><strong>Citation</strong></p>

<p>Angelo Ricarte, Michael Tremmel, Priyamvada Natarajan, Charlotte Zimmer, Thomas Quinn, Origins and demographics of wandering black holes, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 503, Issue 4, June 2021, Pages 6098–6111, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab866" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab866</a></p>

<p>From what I have managed to read on this, very interesting,  there is so much out there yet to discover.  Would be great to get access to the above paper,  I will ask on the <a href="https://www.open.ac.uk" rel="nofollow">Open University</a> forums if I have access given I am Alumni.</p>

<p>It does highlight the need for open access to science journals.   A few posts on this coming up.</p>

<p><strong>Links</strong></p>
<ul><li><a href="https://www.sciencealert.com/there-could-be-a-huge-number-of-wandering-supermassive-black-holes-out-there" rel="nofollow">Article</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.sciencealert.com" rel="nofollow">ScienceAlert</a>
<ul><li><a href="https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-abstract/503/4/6098/6189716?redirectedFrom=fulltext" rel="nofollow">Paper</a></li></ul></li></ul>

<p><strong>Tags</strong></p>

<p><a href="/paulsutton/tag:Rogue" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Rogue</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Wanderer" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Wanderer</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Supermassive" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Supermassive</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Blackholes" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Blackholes</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Astronomy" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Astronomy</span></a>,
<a href="/paulsutton/tag:Physics" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">Physics</span></a></p>

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]]></content:encoded>
      <guid>https://personaljournal.ca/paulsutton/a-huge-number-of-rogue-supermassive-black-holes-are-wandering-the-universe</guid>
      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Aug 2021 07:08:22 +0000</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Active galaxies Review</title>
      <link>https://personaljournal.ca/paulsutton/active-galaxies-review</link>
      <description>&lt;![CDATA[Active galaxies Review&#xA;&#xA;So following on from the post on December 1st this is a quick review of the active galaxies lecture from the Space Telescope Science Institute.&#xA;&#xA;This lecture, presented by Dr Mitchell Revalski,  is really interesting, looking at how supermassive black holes, despite their small size compared to the galaxy they reside in. &#xA;&#xA;Energy from these can push away surrounding gas, and heat this up which reduces star formation as gas needs to cool to form stars. &#xA;&#xA;so scales are pretty huge:&#xA;&#xA;First lets look at what a light year is&#xA;&#xA;Citation : spaceplace.nasa.gov&#xA;For most space objects, we use light-years to describe their distance. A light-year is the distance light travels in one Earth year. One light-year is about 6 trillion miles (9 trillion km). That is a 6 with 12 zeros behind it! &#xA;&#xA;1 pc = 1 parsec = 3.26 light years&#xA;&#xA;Supermassive black hole &lt; 1pc&#xA;&#xA;Bulge = 1 = 3 kpc (kilo parsec)&#xA;&#xA;disk 30 kpc&#xA;&#xA;circumgalactic area 50kpc&#xA;&#xA;So even though these black holes are very small, they have a big influence on what surrounds them.&#xA;&#xA;We know this is happening thanks to the research that led to the 2020 Nobel prize.&#xA;&#xA;Well worth watching and the link is above. &#xA;&#xA;Next lecture 19th Jan - The Darkest Secrets of the Universe&#xA;Speaker: Raja Guhathakurta (UC Santa Cruz) &#xA;&#xA;#astronomy,#science,#space,#telescope,#scsci,#talk,&#xA;#solarsystem,#galaxy,#blackhole,#supermassive,#stars,&#xA;#gravity,#light,#matter,#atoms,#emissions,#aabsorption,&#xA;#spectrum,#gamma,#xray,#visible,#invisible,#parsec,&#xA;#lightyear,#distance,#galactic,#bulge,#spacetelescope,&#xA;#groundtelescope,#astronomers,#education,#public&#xA;&#xA;hr&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;table&#xD;&#xA;thead&#xD;&#xA;trtda rel=&#34;me&#34; href=&#34;https://qoto.org/@zleap&#34;Mastodon/a/td&#xD;&#xA;tda href=&#34;https://wiki.ircnow.org/?n=Shelllabs.Intro&#34;ShellLabs/td&#xD;&#xA;tda href=&#34;https://joinmastodon.org/&#34;Join Mastodon/a/td/tr/thead/table&#xD;&#xA;center&#xD;&#xA;AI statement : b Consent is NOT granted to use the content of this blog for the purposes of AI training or similar activity.  Consent CANNOT be assumed, it has to be granted. /b&#xD;&#xA;/center&#xD;&#xA;&#xD;&#xA;a href=&#34;https://liberapay.com/PaulSutton/donate&#34;img alt=&#34;Donate using Liberapay&#34; src=&#34;https://liberapay.com/assets/widgets/donate.svg&#34;/a&#xD;&#xA;]]&gt;</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Active galaxies Review</p>

<p>So following on from the post on <a href="https://personaljournal.ca/paulsutton/active-galaxies" rel="nofollow">December 1st</a> this is a quick review of the <a href="https://cloudproject.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=27ee1d6d-8b03-4546-b889-ac850104670c" rel="nofollow">active galaxies</a> lecture from the <a href="https://stsci.edu/" rel="nofollow">Space Telescope Science Institute</a>.</p>

<p>This lecture, presented by Dr Mitchell Revalski,  is really interesting, looking at how supermassive black holes, despite their small size compared to the galaxy they reside in.</p>

<p>Energy from these can push away surrounding gas, and heat this up which reduces star formation as gas needs to cool to form stars.</p>

<p>so scales are pretty huge:</p>

<p>First lets look at what a light year is</p>

<p>Citation : <a href="https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/light-year/en/" rel="nofollow">spaceplace.nasa.gov</a></p>

<pre><code>For most space objects, we use light-years to describe their distance. A light-year is the distance light travels in one Earth year. One light-year is about 6 trillion miles (9 trillion km). That is a 6 with 12 zeros behind it! 
</code></pre>

<p>1 pc = 1 parsec = 3.26 light years</p>

<p>Supermassive black hole &lt; 1pc</p>

<p>Bulge = 1 = 3 kpc (kilo parsec)</p>

<p>disk 30 kpc</p>

<p>circumgalactic area 50kpc</p>

<p>So even though these black holes are very small, they have a big influence on what surrounds them.</p>

<p>We know this is happening thanks to the research that led to the 2020 Nobel prize.</p>

<p>Well worth watching and the link is above.</p>

<p>Next lecture 19th Jan – <a href="https://stsci.edu/contents/events/pls/2021/the-darkest-secrets-of-the-universe" rel="nofollow">The Darkest Secrets of the Universe</a>
Speaker: Raja Guhathakurta (UC Santa Cruz)</p>

<p><a href="/paulsutton/tag:astronomy" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">astronomy</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:science" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">science</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:space" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">space</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:telescope" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">telescope</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:scsci" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">scsci</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:talk" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">talk</span></a>,
<a href="/paulsutton/tag:solarsystem" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">solarsystem</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:galaxy" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">galaxy</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:blackhole" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">blackhole</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:supermassive" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">supermassive</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:stars" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">stars</span></a>,
<a href="/paulsutton/tag:gravity" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">gravity</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:light" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">light</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:matter" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">matter</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:atoms" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">atoms</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:emissions" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">emissions</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:aabsorption" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">aabsorption</span></a>,
<a href="/paulsutton/tag:spectrum" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">spectrum</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:gamma" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">gamma</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:xray" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">xray</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:visible" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">visible</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:invisible" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">invisible</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:parsec" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">parsec</span></a>,
<a href="/paulsutton/tag:lightyear" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">lightyear</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:distance" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">distance</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:galactic" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">galactic</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:bulge" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">bulge</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:spacetelescope" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">spacetelescope</span></a>,
<a href="/paulsutton/tag:groundtelescope" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">groundtelescope</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:astronomers" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">astronomers</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:education" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">education</span></a>,<a href="/paulsutton/tag:public" class="hashtag" rel="nofollow"><span>#</span><span class="p-category">public</span></a></p>

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      <guid>https://personaljournal.ca/paulsutton/active-galaxies-review</guid>
      <pubDate>Sat, 12 Dec 2020 07:30:00 +0000</pubDate>
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