Viewing processes

You can view a table that shows currently running processes and information about them.

There are several tools for this:– Both of these update in real time so you can see what is going on

One is top

man top
top

The other is htop, which is the same as top, but has a colour output.

man htop
htop

These are really useful tools, there is also ps

man ps

$ ps
    PID TTY          TIME CMD
  51221 pts/0    00:00:00 bash
  51239 pts/0    00:00:00 ps

ps -a
    PID TTY          TIME CMD
  51251 pts/0    00:00:00 ps

ps -u
USER         PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
psutton    51221  0.0  0.0  11284  5504 pts/0    Ss   22:51   0:00 bash
psutton    51256  0.0  0.0  13760  4608 pts/0    R+   22:53   0:00 ps -u

ps -x

PID TTY      STAT   TIME COMMAND
   2016 ?        Ss     0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user
   2017 ?        S      0:00 (sd-pam)
   2029 ?        S<sl   0:13 /usr/bin/pipewire
   2030 ?        Ssl    0:00 /usr/bin/pipewire -c filter-chain.conf
   2031 ?        S<sl   0:00 /usr/bin/wireplumber
   2033 ?        S<sl   0:21 /usr/bin/pipewire-pulse

Note : Above is NOT full output,

If you are ever unsure as to what a process is, you can try seeing if there is a man page.

NAME
       pipewire - The PipeWire media server

If not, you can look it up using a search tool such as duckduckgo, which from this I found info on wireplumber on the Arch Linux wiki.

Links

• Linux performance tools

Tags

#Bash,#Tools,#Processes,#htop,#top

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Electronic Structures of Atoms

In Chemistry is important to know how electrons are arranged in their orbitals. The guide below is a really good explanation of this.

Links

• Electron Orbitals

Typesetting

If you are using LaTeX to write up reports, then it may be useful to be able to confidently type set how electrons are arranged in their shells and subshells.

if we take an example for Boron from the above website, we can type set this in $\LaTeX$ using math mode:-

$1s^22s^22p_x^1$

The result is a nicely typeset electron configuration.

This is not perfect as it should display the final x as a subscript (below) the the 1 as a superscript next to this. But it should be possible to fix.

• View in Overleaf

This tutorial is sort of related but may be useful for drawing diagrams.

To draw the orbital diagrams you need to use :-

\usepackage{ amssymb }

Then in the document use

\upharpoonleft and \upharpoonright

$\upharpoonleft$ and $\upharpoonright$

For this article I used detexify to figure out the \LaTeX code for the graphics.

Update : 25/2/2022

Having asked on the OU forum about this, in this thread reply I have been advised to use the mhchem package and this will type set the orbitals much better.

\usepackage[version=3]{mhchem} % you may prefer the spacing using version=4
...
$\ce{1s^2 2s^2 2p_x^1}$

Tags

#LaTeX,#Chemistry,#Typesetting,#Orbitals,#AtomicStructure

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